Tyberg



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

0. TYBERG. TYPE WRITING MAGHINB.

Patented Aug, 31, 1897.

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O. TYBERG,

TYPE WRTING MACHINE.

No.- 589,234. Patented Aug. 31,1897.

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5%@ milo?, 0L ar Trma Hoym@ L35/ (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

0. TYBERG.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 589,234. Patented Augnl, 1897.

(No Model.) 4 Shets-Sheet 4.

0. TYBERG. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No.,589,234. Patented Aug. 31,1897.

y J I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OLUF' TYBERG, OF BROOKLYN, NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE TYBERGlTYPEIVRITER COMPANY, OF NFV YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 589,234, dated August31, 1897'.

Application filed November 16, 1891. Renewed July 28, 1897. Serial No.646,253. (No model.)

. W To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, OLUF TYBERG, a subject of the King of Denmark,residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Triting Ma chines,of which the following is a specification. f

In my application for Letters -Patent of the United States, filed March17, 189i, Serial No. 385,411, I have shown a type-writing machine inwhich a normally-stationary type-carrier is operated by acontinuously-moving driver through mechanism normally out of operativeconnection with the driver, but connected therewith at the will of theoperator to bring the desired character on the type-carrier intoprinting position. I have also shown in said application mechanism foroperating the carriage from the driver and mechanism for operating ahammer controlled by the type-carrier-operating mechanism. I haveembodied my present improvements in a machine of this kind. I do not,however, wish to be limited to any particular class of machines, as someparts of my invention may be applied to machines diering in theirconstruction and inode of operation.

According to my present invention I provide devices which, while theyadmit of a key being depressed before a previously-depressed key isreleased, prevent two keys from being depressed simultaneously. I thusavoid the printing of either letter when two keys are simultaneouslydepressed and the work of the machine is not marred by the carelessnessof the operator inthis regard. The arrangement is such, however, thatany number of keys maybe held down at the same time, provided they havebeen depressed successively. Consequently the operator may rest oneiingcr on the depressed key ol' a letter just printed un til anotherfinger has found the key of the next letter to be printed. This relievesthe operator and enables her to attain a higher speedwith a decreaseddemand upon her nervous energy.

My present invention also comprehends novel hammer and carriageoperating mechanism and novel electromagnetic devices for operating theimpulse mechanism.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lisa plan view of a type-writin gmachine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation. Fig. 3 is adetailed view in section on the line 3 3 of Fig. l, showing a portion ofthe carriage-operating mechanism. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section onthe line s I of Fig. 1, showing particularly the operative connectionsbetween the driver, the type-carrier, and the hammer. It also shows theimpulse mechanism and the electromagnets for operating it. Fig. 5 is asimilar view, the parts being shown in a different position. Fig. G is adetail view in section on the line (i 6 of Fig. 2, showing a portion ofthe carriage-operating mechanism. Fig. 7 is a front view of the machine.Figs. S and 9 are detail views of the stop mechanism. Figs. 10 and 11illustrate a modification of the same. Fig. 12 shows a modifiedconstruction of the carriage. Fi 13 is a diagram showing the keyboardand circuit connections that may be employed.

The frame may be of any suitable construction adapted to support themechanism. As shown, the bed-plate A is supported at the rear bystandards a, and at its front end is secured the keyboard-frame I3,having front standards a. Uprights a2, on opposite sides of thebed-plate A, support the type-carrier and its actuating mechanism, andalso the actuating mechanism of the hammer and the carriage.

The rotary driver O is mounted in bearings or standards b, rising fromopposite sides of the keyboard-frame B. The driver is of a generalcylindrical form and is provided with teeth or cams c on its peripheryand is driven by power applied to the pulley C'. The typecarrier D, asshown, is of segmental form, having a single row of type on itsperiphery and is secured to the shaft D', mounted in bearings on the upri glits a2. A spring d tends to hold the type-carrier and its shaft intheir normal position.

Arran ged at different angles along the shaft D is a series of arms E.They may be either a part of the shaft or fastened thereto in anysuitable way. The typecarrier-actuating mechanism, as shown, consists ofa series of dog-carriers F, mounted on a common shaft F, having itsbearings in the uprights a2.

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The dog-carriers lare somewhat similar in construction to those shown inmy beforem entioned applications. Each carries a springdog G and aspring-pawl H. Springs f tend to hold the dog-carriers in their normalposition against a cushion 2', fastened to a crosspiece I, which issupported at its ends by the uprights CL2.

The dogs G are held normally out of the Before the dogs are releasedfrom the driver they are made to engage with the springpawls H, and thusas the dog-carriers return to their normal position the dogs will remainout of engagement with the revolving` cylinder ordriver until the pawlsare again released bythe depression of a key in the keyboard-that is tosay, when a key is depressed the inner end of its lever J rises and theend of the rod K strikes the end of the pawl H on its under side, thustripping the pawl and releasing the dog. If now the key is held downuntil the dog-carrier has been acted upon by the driver and while theparts are returning to the normal position, then the end of the pawl Hstrikes against the side of the rod K, which yields, turning on itspivot 7.; and sliding on the top of the key-lever J without interferingwith the return of the parts to their normal position. The particularletter or character will therefore not be printed again, no matter howlong the-key is held depressed, until the key has first been released,so that the rod K is drawn down into its normal position under the endof the pawl H, and then when the key is again depressed the actiondescribed is repeated.

The dog-carriers all move through the same distance, but as the arms onthe type-carrier shaft are arranged at different angles relatively tothe axis of the shaft a diffe-rent amount of movement is given to thetypeearrier by the dog-carrier, and the arrangement is such that eachdog when operated will bring the corresponding character on thetype-carrier into printing position.

As shown in the drawings, there are ten dogs for operating thetype-carrier and ten finger-keys, one for each dog and for each type ofthe type-carrier. This number may be varied to suit any purpose and thetypecarrier may be enlarged to adapt it' to carry a larger number ofcharacters.

The keys J are arranged in two rows and are fastened to a series oflevers J pivoted at j in the keyboard-frame B. Their rear ends engagewith pawl-tripping' rods K, which are adapted to engage directly withthe tails of the pawls H, so as to disengage the dogs whenever the keysare depressed and allow them to move into the path of the rotary driver.The rods K are mounted in a frame L, secured to the front of theuprights c2, their lower ends being formed with open bearings where theyare guided by pivots 7i', held in the frame L, and at their upper endsthey are guided in a slotted frame M, and are held normally down, aswell as against the end of the open slot, by springs l, fastened to theframe L. The rods are thus free to move vertically when acted upon bythe impulse mechanism and free to swing on the pivots li; when actedupon by the pawls H whenever they return to their normal position beforethe fingers of the operator have been removed from the keys.

In order that no two keys may be operated simultaneously and in orderthat the printing of the wrong character or the possible interference ofthe different parts ofthe typecarrier mechanism may be avoided, Iprovide means whereby no two or morevdogs can be operated by the sainetooth, cam, or rib of the rotary driver at the same time. This Iaccomplish by preventing more than one dog from being disengaged at thesame time from the devices which hold it out of the path of the driver.Figs. S, 9, l0, and II illustrate the device which may be employed forthis purpose.

Referring to Figs. 8 and 9, a series of stoppieces tu, placed directlyunder the pawls H, (see Figs. et and 5,) are held in a frame M, securedto the frame L. In Figs. 8 and 9 the stops are shown as pivoted at theirlower ends and free to swing on their pivots to alimited extent, whichis regulated by set-screws m. The upper parts of the stops are formedwith inclined heads,hetween which the projections 7L of the pawls Henter. The limit of motion given to the stop-pieces m is just sufficientto permit one of the pawls II or its projection 7L to enter between thestop-pieces to release its dog G. If two pawls should be pushed againstthe stop-pieces simultaneously, neither of them would be allowedsufficient movement to permit the release of the corresponding dog,because the stop-pieces would notspread apart sufficiently to allow asufficient movement of the pawls on their pivots to effect itsdisengagement from the corresponding dog.

As soon as a dog is released it engages with the driver, which, throughthe dog-carrier, pushes the pawl II out of engagement with thestop-pieces and therefore at once permits another dog to be released,which must fall into one of the next succeeding cams on the driver-thatis to say, when a key has been depressed and its pawl H has entered asul'- Iicient distance between two of the stop-pieces its dog is trippedand engages the driver, which, acting thereupon, as described, moves thedog-carrier, that in turn lifts the pawl from between the stop-pieces,and upon the IOC ics

printing of the letter the parts assum'e their normal position. rlliiskey, as before eX- plained, may now be held down without interferingwithv the depression of one or-more keys; but at no time, for the reasoneX- plained, can two keys be depressed simultaneously, because the parts7L of two pawls Il can never simultaneously enter between thestop-pieces a sufficient dist-ance to effect the tripping of the dogs.Thus no matter how fast the fingers of the operator are moved over thekeyboard the dogs will be released only one at a time, and only when twokeys are touched simultaneously does no action take place.

Fig. 9 shows how the stop-pieces lock the rest of the pawls when one ofthem has entered between the stop-pieces sufficiently to disengage itscorresponding dog.

In Figs. 10 and ll a modified form of the stop mechanism is illustrated.In this instance stop-pieces m2 are loosely mounted in a groove, wherethey are free to slide lengthwise to a sufficient extent to permit theoperation, as above described. rihe distance through which the stopsmove may be regulated by set-serews m3.

The hammer N is pivoted to the frame A at n, and its upper end n' isadapted to press the paper against the type-carrier. Its inner or lowerend n2 is connected with a rocking liaminer-operating frame N' by aconnectingrod n3. The frame N' is pivotally connected at each end to theuprights a2, and with this frame all the dog-carriers F are adapted toengage.

Each time that a dog-carrier is actuated its rearwardly-extending armf', after having acted upon one of the arms E on the typecarrier shaftand brought the corresponding letter on the type-carrier into printingposition, abuts against the frame N, and through the connecting-rodmoves thehammeragainst the paper, causing it to take an impression fromthe type-carrier.

The carriage O carries two feed-rollers O O2. The roller O is mounted inbearings o, which are connected at the rear by a rackbar 02 and at thefront by a rod 03. rlhe roller O2 is carried in a rocking frame Ot,pivoted at its lower end to the end pieces o. A spring o4 holds theroller O2 against the roller O. The upper part of the frame O4 carries across-piece or table O5, on which the paper may rest when mistakes arebeing corrected or erasures made. The paper is coiled up in the paperholder or receptacle O3 and is fed up through the rollers between theend pieces o and is then passed between the hammer and the type-carrier.

The frame of the carriage is supported at the rear by grooved rollerso5, upon which the rack-bar o2 rests, the lower part of which isV-shaped, as shown in Fig. 4. The rollers arefree to turn on theirstuds, which are fastened in a projection a4 of the main frame A. Thefront of the carriage-frame is guided by an arm o, having a bifurcatedend embracing the rod o, its front end being attached to a bar of,secured to the uprights d2.

Fig. 12 shows a modified construction in which the parts are practicallyreversed, the position of the erasing-plate, however, remaining the same.

It will be observed that whenever the paper is inserted between therollers in the construction shown in the other figures of the drawingsthe erasing-plate is drawn forward, while in the modified constructionthe erasing-plate is moved backward, as indicated by dotted lines.

rlhe carriage is operated by the following mechanism: A gear-wheel P,mounted on a vertical shaft P, engages with the rack-bar o2 on thecarriage. The diameter of the gearwheel is determined by the length oftravel of the carriage, one revolution of the gear being equal to theentire stroke. The lower end of the shaft P extends into a sleeve p onthe ratchet-wheel P2, mounted in a bracket as of the main frame A, asshown clearly in Fig. 3. On the sleeve p is loosely mounted an arm P3,which is connected by a connecting-rod p2, a bell-crank p3, and aconnectingrod p4 to a dog-carrier P5, somewhat similar in constructionto the dog-carriers F, and mounted on the same shaft F outside of theuprights a2. The dog-carrier P5 is held in its normal position at restby a spring p5, acting upon the bell-crank lever p3.

On the arm P3 is a spring-pawl p, which engages with the ratchet-wheelP2. As the arm P3 is oscillated the ratchet-wheel P2 is revolved step bystep. A spring-pawl p7 (see Fig. (j) prevents the backward movement ofthe ratchet-wheel P2. The ratchet-wheel P2 carries a pawl ps, which, bymeans of a spring p, engages a notch p10 in the sleeve p, which isrigidly secured to the shaft P. As long as the pawl ps is thus engagedwith t-he sleeve P10 the shaft P,and consequently the carriage, throughthe gear is moved correspondingly.

lVhenever the carriage has reached the limit of its forward movement thetail of the pawl p3 engages the stop p12, which effects a disengagementof the pawl p8 and the sleeve' p11, an d the carriage isautomaticallyreturned to the starting-point by means of a spring orweight lV, attached to the carriage. The carriage is automatically fedforward step by step each time that a character is printed and by powerderived from the rotary driver. In other words, whenever a dog is throwninto engagement with the driver an impulse is given to the pawl on thedog` carrier P5,where by its dog is thrown into engagement with therotary driver and motion is given to the feed mechanism. The mechanismemployed for this purpose is particularly shown in Fig. 2.

An arm Q, fastened to a shaft Q' in the uprights CL2, is made to engagewith Ithe pawl of the dog-carrier P5. 0n the other end of the shaft Q'is another a' Q2, which, through a rod Q3, connects wi. :he rockingframe N',

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so that whenever the hammer-actuating mechanism is operated the dog onthe dog-carrier P5 is thrown into engagement with the driver.

In order that the carriage may be fed forward for spacing withoutprinting, I provide a key R, connected with a vertically-moving rod R bya bell-crank r, which is connected to the inner end of a rod r2, theother end of which is connected with a rocking arm frs, pi voted on ashaft r4, which carries an arm fr, to which the key R is secured.

The rod R is held normally free from the arm Q by a spring l1'7,attached to the main frame and the bell-crank lever r', and is made totrip the pawl of the carrier through the arm Q each time that thespacing-key is depressed.

The machine is operated as readily from a distance as by the directmanipulation of the keys on the machine by means of electromagneticdevices. Each of the keys for this purpose is provided with an armatureS, having a corresponding electromagnet S arranged directly beneath it.Circuit-wires including a source of electric energy lead from each ofthe magnets to contact-pieces connected with a keyboard provided withcircuit making and breaking devices and located at any desired place.

The keys T may be made of hard rubber or other insulating material, andthey are flanged at their lower ends t and seated in a ke fboardT alsoof insulating material. Re-v eesses t', in which the flanges 2f arearranged, permit the keys tohave a slight vertical move ment. The keysproject only a short distance above the surface of the board, so that bymerely passing the hand lightly over the board the keys may be actuated.At the lower ends the keys are provided with projections t2, which bearagainst the upper ends of spring-actuated contact-pieces t, mounted in ametallic frame T2. This frame may be made of a single piece of metalformed with depressions or sockets t1 to receive the contact-piecesBelow the contact-pieces 't3 a series of contact-pieees t5 is held in aninsulating-frame, to which the wires from the electromagnets on themachine are respectively connected. .A wire from all the oppositeterminals of the. magnets is connected through the battery with themetallic frame T2.

Then a contact-piece t3 is depressed, it makes an electrical connectionwith the corresponding contact-piece t5. The electric circuit thuscompleted acts upon its key or impulse-lever through its correspondingarmadA ture, and as all the movements of the machine are controlled bythe keys or impulselevers the mechanism may be perfectly controlled bythe manipulation of the keyboard at a distant point.

The type-carrier is normally stationary and is normally disconnectedfrom the continuously-rotating driver; but the mechanism which connectsthe typecarrier with the driver may be under perfect control by means ofthe electromagnetic devices above described, so that any desiredcharacter on the type-carrier may be brought into printing position andeach time that a character is printed the hammer mechanism and thecarriagefeed mechanism is automatically operated.

Ihave described my invention as embodied in a machine which is simpleand operative; but my invention involves certain bread features whichmaybe used in connection with machines differing in organization anddetails of construction from that herein shown.

I claim as my inventionl. In a power-driven type-writing machine, thecombination of a driver, a series of character-keys, a series ofprinting-controlling devices, actuated by the driver and controlled bythe keys, and interposed between the keys and driver, means forpreventing the simultaneous action of two of said interposed devices bythe simultaneous depression of their respective keys, means forpermitting the depression of a second key while apreviously depressedkey is held down, and means for automatically restoring theprinting-controllin g devices to their normal position after their keyshave been depressed.

2. The combination of a series of keys, and devices for permitting a keybeing depressed before a previously-depressed key is released, but whichprevent two keys being simultafore set forth.

3. The combination of a type-carrier, a series of keys orimpulse-levers, connections between the keys or impulse-levers and thetype-carrier, means for permitting the depression of one key before apreviously-depressed key is released, and devices for preventing two ormore keys from being simultaneously depressed, substantially ashereinbefore set forth.

4. The combination of a typecarrier, a

driver, a series of dog-carriers, dogs thereon adapted to engage withthe driver, pawls for normally holding the dogs out of engagement withthe driver, a series of keys or impulselevers, and stops with which thepawls engage and which prevent two or more keys from beingsimultaneously depressed, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

The combination of a driver, a series of mechanisms actuated by thedriver and controlled by a corresponding series of keys orimpulse-levers, and devices preventing more than one mechanism beingactuated simultaneously by the driver through the simultaneousdepression of two or more keys, but permitting the actuation of amechanism before previously-depressed keys have been released.

6. The combination of a type-carrier, a driver, a series ofdog-carriers, dogs thereon adapted to engage with the driver, a hammer,and a hammer-operating frame with which the dog-carriers engage,substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

7. The con'lbination of a type-carrier, its shaft, arms arranged atdifferent angles on the shaft and respectively determining the extent ofits movement, a continuously-moving driver, and mechanism interposedbetween the driver and type-carrier shaft operated bythe driver andacting upon the arms on the shaft to effect the required movement of thetype-carrier, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

8. The combination of a carriage, a shaft operatively connectedtherewith, an oscillating arm, a ratchet-wheel driven thereby, a pawloperatively connected with the shaft, and carried by the ratchet-wheel,a stop for releasing the pawl from the shaft, and means for returningthe carriage to the startingpoint, substantially as hereinbefore setforth.

9. The combination of a carriage, a shaft and pinion thereon gearingwith a rack on the carriage, an oscillating arm, a ratchet-wheel driventhereby, a pawl carried by the ratchetwheel, and operatively connectedwith the shaft, and a stop for releasing the pawl, subtantially ashereinbefore set forth.

l0. The combination of a carriage, a roller carried thereby, a paperholder or receptacle connected with and carried by the carriage, anindependent frame pivotcd to the carriage and carrying a second roller,the paper being fed between the two rollers, substantially as set forth.

ll'. The combination of a carriage, a roller carried thereby, a framepivoted to the carriage, and carrying a second roller, a crosspiece ortable secured to said frame, and a paper-holder from which the paper isfed between the rollers, substantially as hereinbcfore set forth.

l2. The combination of a continuously-ro tating driver, a type-carrier,type-carrier-actuatin g mechanism normally disconnected from the driverbut connected therewith at the will of the operator, keys orimpulse-levers for controlling the type-carrier-actnating mechanism, akeyboard provided with circuit making and breaking devices, andconnected with electromagnetic devices for operating the keys orimpulse-levers, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

13. In a typewriting machine, a continuously-rotating driver, a normallystationary typc-carrier, type-carrieractuating mechanism, normallydisconnected from the driver, hammer and carriage actuating mechanism,keys or impulse-levers controlling the typeearrieractuating mechanism, akeyboard provided with circuit making and breaking devices,electromagnetic devices for operating the keys or impulse-levers, andelectrical connections between the electromagnetic devices, and thecircuit making and breaking devices and the keyboard, substantially ashereinbefore set forth.

let. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a driver, a series ofdevices that select or determine the character t0 be printed, a seriesof printing-controlling devices actuated by the driver and controlled bysaid selecting devices, electromagnetic devices for actuating anyselecting device at will, and a keyboard having keys and electricalcontacts controlling` the circuits of the electromagnetic devices,substantially as set forth.

l5. In a type-writing machine, the combination, of a driver, a normallystationary intermittently progressively rotatable typecarrier, a seriesof type-carrier-actuating devices normally disconnected from the driver,a series of selecting devices controlling the type-carrier-actuatingdevices and determining their respective engagement with the driver,electromagnetic devices for actuating any of said selecting devices atwill, a keyboard having keys and contacts controlling saidelectromagnetic devices, a paper-carriage, its forward-feed devices, andits automatic returning or retracting devices.

16. A keyboard having the character-keys arranged in groups, each groupcontaining more than four, some of the keys being common to two or moregroups, and the keys of each group surrounding a space unoccupied by acharacter-key.

17. A keyboard having the character-keys arranged in groups, each groupcontaining more than four, some of the keys being common to two or moregroups, and the keys of each group surrounding a space unoccupied by acharacter-key, and one or more of said spaces containing a spacing-key.

1S. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a rotary driver anda type-carrier having a series of surfaces in different planes, ofmechanism interposed between the driver and carrier and operating thelatter, the eX- tent of movement of the carrier being determined bythesurface acted upon and key-levers controlling said mechanism.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

OLUF TYBERG.

lVitnesses:

EDWARD C. DAVIDSON, FRANK S. OBnn.

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